Gas-freeing consists of series of operations in which cargo vapour is replaced with inert gas which in turn is purged with air to prevent explosion hazard.

Inerting is done by supplying an inert gas to cargo tanks and associated piping in order to prevent explosions during cargo handling operations.

The liquid-tight shell designed to be the prime container of the cargo and includes all such containers whether or not associated with insulation or secondary barriers or both, (IGC Code).

The final stage in bulk liquid pumping from a tank or pipeline. To achieve this, it is often necessary to list the ship to avoid suction loss.

Cargo tanks of a chemical tanker are required to be provided with venting systems to prevent both over and under pressurisation of the tank.

A vehicle, container, flat, pallet, portable tank, package unit, or any other entity, etc., and loading equipment, or any part thereof, which belongs to the ship but is not fixed to it.

Supports usually of flat plate, welded in a fore and aft direction between transverse deck beams to prevent distortion of the plating.

When batteries are charged heat is produced. In a Carnot Baterry the produced heat is stored and later used when the heat is discharge is used to produce electricity.

The Carnot cycle is a theoretical ideal thermodynamic cycle that provides an upper limit on the efficiency that any classical thermodynamic engine can achieve during the conversion of heat into work, or conversely, the efficiency of a refrigerationsystem in creating a temperature difference by the application of work to the system.

A large reel with vertical axis used for storage of cables or flexible pipes onboard ofoffshore support vessels.

This term, usually refers to a steamship company, but can also refer to vessel.

The application of protective devices in which the device nearest to the source of power has short circuit ratings equal to or in excess of the maximum prospective short circuit current...

In this system, LNG is heated by propane in a closed loop and the propane is heated by seawater.

Cascading failure is common in power grids when one of the elements fails (completely or partially) and shifts its load to nearby elements in the system.

Generating units are started and stopped according to the load or dispatch request.

Metal pipe inserted into a wellbore and cemented in place to protect both subsurface formations (such as groundwater) and the wellbore.

A wheelless steel platform used to transport paper reels on ro-ro forest products. Terminal tractors use lift-trailers to handle it.

A ro-ro vessel designed to transport cassettes. The cassettes are put onto the vessel using terminal tractors with lift-trailers.

Iron with the carbon content of 1.8 to 4.5%. White cast iron is hard and brittle. Grey cast iron is softer, machinable and less brittle.

Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material is usually poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify.